《Natural Disasters》Reading for Writing PPT
第一部分內(nèi)容：[題型解讀]
概要是一篇較長(zhǎng)文章本質(zhì)思想的簡(jiǎn)潔重述，它要求用盡量少的語言對(duì)原文的主旨進(jìn)行復(fù)述。概要不是簡(jiǎn)單的換句話說，更不是評(píng)論，而是作者思想中最基本部分的準(zhǔn)確再現(xiàn)。
[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]
《考試說明》中規(guī)定概要寫作閱卷時(shí)按5個(gè)檔次給分，其中最高檔次第五檔(21-25 points)的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：1.理解準(zhǔn)確，涵蓋全部要點(diǎn)；2.能準(zhǔn)確使用相應(yīng)的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯；3.完全使用自己的語言；4.有效使用了語句間的連接成分，使完成的概要結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。
[寫作方法]
1.定位——查找核心信息
通過閱讀定位語篇的核心信息，包括核心單詞，核心短語和核心句子。(句子為主，以單詞和短語為輔)
2.改寫——用自己的語言改寫信息
在核心信息的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行語言表達(dá)形式的改寫，對(duì)原文的語言表達(dá)形式盡可能實(shí)現(xiàn)大規(guī)模的改變。改寫過程中，原則上字?jǐn)?shù)不超過原句，不改變?cè)牡倪壿嫿Y(jié)構(gòu)，充分考慮語句壓縮。
3.核查——添加關(guān)聯(lián)詞，檢查句子的連貫性
核查句子的連貫性。核查標(biāo)點(diǎn)、語法、連接詞及字?jǐn)?shù)，優(yōu)先考慮使用較短的連接詞，如：but，then，later等。
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Natural DisastersPPT，第二部分內(nèi)容：寫作技巧
如何寫概要寫作？
一、題型特點(diǎn)
概要寫作的閱讀材料詞數(shù)一般為300左右。寫作要求考生在對(duì)原文閱讀后根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫出一篇約60詞的內(nèi)容概要。概要所用語句既要用詞準(zhǔn)確，結(jié)構(gòu)合理，語義連貫，不得抄寫原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。
二、注意事項(xiàng)
1.詞數(shù)要限制在60詞左右，上下不得超過10個(gè)單詞。
2.要根據(jù)文章的體裁特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行概要寫作。
3.人稱和時(shí)態(tài)要與所給文章中的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，但必要時(shí)也可變換成第三人稱。
4.寫作時(shí)盡可能地使用復(fù)合句，必要時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換詞性，不得完全照搬照抄原文。
[典例示范] 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。
We’ve reached a strange—some would say unusual—point.While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization(WHO)，more people now die from being overweight than from being underweight.It’s the good life that’s more likely to kill us these days.
Worse，nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.What’s going on?
We really don’t have many excuses for our weight problems.The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through—up to a point.
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Natural DisastersPPT，第三部分內(nèi)容：[解題思路]
第一步：定位
Part 1：
1.More people now ________________________ than from being underweight.
2.It’s the ________________ that’s more likely to ________________ these days.
Part 2：
3.The ______ of the problem have been drilled into us by _____________________________.
4.In Finland，a public-health campaign has greatly ____________ the number of ________________ deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades.
Part 3：
5.Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland ________________ doubled between 2001 and 2005.
6.We know ___________________________________—but actually doing it is another matter.
Part 4：
7.Others ____________ good food.
8.It’s a similar story around the world，although people are relatively _______________________________.
第二步：改寫
1.要點(diǎn)1和2
合并：Good life is more likely to kill us and more people now die from being overweight.
改寫： Good life becomes _______________________________________ and more people now die from being overweight.
2.要點(diǎn)3和4
合并：People have gradually realized the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns since 2001 and the number of heart disease deaths has been greatly reduced in Finland.
改寫：Since 2001 people have gradually ____________________________ the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns and people ________________ heart disease has dropped in Finland.
3.要點(diǎn)5和6
合并：Many people took diet pills to lose weight though we know what we should be doing to lose weight.
改寫：Many people ____________________________ to lose weight though they knew what they should be doing.
4.要點(diǎn)7和8
合并：People should stop making excuses and take positive action to lost weight.
改寫：Although there are some excuses，people should ____________________ to lost weight.
第三步：核查
Nowadays，good life becomes the killer of our health and more people now die from being overweight.(要點(diǎn)1) Since 2001 people have gradually become aware of the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns and people dying of heart disease has dropped.(要點(diǎn)2)Regrettably，many people took some negative measures to lose weight though they knew what they should be doing.(要點(diǎn)3)Although there are some excuses，people should act positively to lost weight.(要點(diǎn)4)
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